Green Bonds
available to all Investors
'Green Bonds' is a general term for all environmentally responsible bonds (including blue, climate, biodiversity, and ecological bonds) that finance positive sustainable environmental & climate projects, such as renewable energy, clean transportation, and low-carbon infrastructure. Green Bonds are a type of 'Green Assets' (or Green Investments), though green assets may also include direct loans or asset-backed securities. Most green bonds are backed by the issuer’s balance sheet, though some also rely on revenue from the underlying projects, while green 'asset-backed securities' are supported by cash flows from the green assets. Typically, green bonds offer a slightly lower coupon rate (the fixed annual interest rate) compared to most other bonds, and this is called its "greenium" – due to a higher demand for green bonds and more uncertainties regarding the payback for its environmental projects.
Most green bonds are primarily purchased by institutions, licensed brokerage firms, and large (accredited) investors, and are not directly accessible to ordinary retail investors because they are often issued in large denominations (such as $100,000 per unit). However, sometimes retail investors can purchase smaller units from investment firms or secondary markets, and retail investors can invest smaller amounts in 'bond mutual funds' and 'bond-index ETFs'.
European Investment Bank Climate Awareness Bonds eib.org
- Managed Funds: ~ €100 billion issued, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Green Bond
- Specialized Type: supranational
- Investment Access: available to all investors through investment brokerage platforms.
- Kinds of Investments: renewable energy and energy efficiency projects.
- Investment Regions: globally diversified.
- Investment Focus: projects that mitigate climate change.
- Examples of Investments: wind farms, solar power installations, and building insulation.
- Coupon rate: varies; ~1.5%–2.5%
- Maturity period: varies; typically 5–10 years
- Credit rating: AAA (S&P)
- More Information
World Bank Green Bonds
worldbank.org
- Managed Funds: ~ $20 billion issued, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Green Bond
- Specialized Type: supranational-issued bond
- Investment Access: available to all investors through investment brokerage platforms.
- Kinds of Investments: projects that mitigate climate change or help adaptation efforts.
- Investment Regions: globally diversified.
- Investment Focus: projects that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance climate resilience.
- Examples of Investments: renewable energy installations, energy efficiency improvements, and climate-resilient infrastructure projects.
- Coupon rate: varies by issuance; recent bonds ~1.5%–2.5% (as of Dec 2024)
- Maturity period: varies; typically 5–10 years
- Credit rating: AAA (S&P); Aaa (Moody's)
- More Information
New York MTA Green Bonds
new.mta.info
- Managed Funds: ~ $11 billion, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Municipal Green Bond
- Specialized Type: public electrified rail
- Investment Access: available to all investors
- Minimum Purchase: $5,000
- Kinds of Investments: electrified rail assets and supporting infrastructure.
- Investment Regions: New York City area
- Investment Focus: Enhancing sustainable public transportation systems.
- Examples of Investments: Upgrading subway lines, purchasing electric buses.
- Coupon Rate: 4.25% (Jun 2025)
- Maturity Period: 20 yrs (maturing Jun 2045)
- Est. Yield: ~4.7% annually
- Credit rating: AA (Fitch)
- More Information
International Finance Corporation Green Bonds ifc.org
- Managed Funds: ~ $10 billion issued, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Green Bonds
- Specialized Type: development finance institution-issued bonds
- Investment Access: available to all investors through investment brokerage platforms.
- Kinds of Investments: private sector projects that address climate change.
- Investment Regions: emerging markets
- Investment Focus: renewable energy, energy efficiency, and other climate-related projects.
- Examples of Investments: solar and wind power installations, energy-efficient manufacturing, and sustainable agriculture projects.
- Coupon rate: varies by issuance; recent bonds ~1.5%–2.5% (as of Dec 2024)
- Maturity period: varies; typically 5–10 years
- Credit rating: AAA (S&P); Aaa (Moody's)
- More Information
Apple Green Bonds
apple.com
- Market Value: ~ $4.7 billion, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Corporate Green Bonds
- Specialized Type: corporate-issued bond
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum Purchase: $100,000 – $250,000
- Kinds of Investments: funding clean energy, sustainable materials, and carbon reduction.
- Investment Regions: global.
- Investment Focus: environmental sustainability through innovative green technology investments.
- Examples of Investments: renewable energy for Apple’s supply chain, recycled aluminum production, & carbon reduction R&D.
- Coupon Rate: 4.5% (Apr 2025)
- Maturity Period: 10 yrs (maturing Apr 2035)
- Est. Yield: ~5.0% annually
- Credit rating: AA+ (S&P)
- More Information
Toronto-Dominion Bank
Green Bonds td.com
- Managed Funds: ~ $4 billion, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Green Bonds
- Specialized Type: corporate-issued
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum Purchase: $250,000
- Kinds of Investments: renewable energy, energy efficiency, and sustainable resources.
- Investment Regions: North America
- Investment Focus: environmental sustainability and a low-carbon economy.
- Coupon Rate: 4.60% (Aug 2025)
- Maturity Period: 5 yrs (maturing Aug 2030)
- Est. Yield: ~5.1% annually
- More Information
JPMorgan Chase Green Bond
jpmorganchase.com
- Managed Funds: ~ $1 billion, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Green Bond
- Specialized Type: corporate-issued bond
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum Purchase: $100,000 – $250,000
- Kinds of Investments: renewable energy, sustainable infrastructure, & energy efficiency.
- Investment Regions: globally diversified.
- Investment Focus: clean energy, sustainable real estate, & low-carbon transportation.
- Examples of Investments: solar & wind power, energy-efficient building retrofits, & EV charging networks.
- Coupon Rate: 4.75% (issued Jan 2025)
- Maturity Period: 3 yrs (maturing Jan 2028)
- Est. Yield: ~5.2% annually
- Credit rating: A- (S&P)
- More Information
Masdar Green Bond
masdar.ae
- Managed Funds: ~ $750 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Green Bond
- Specialized Type: corporate-issued bond
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum Purchase: $200,000 – $500,000
- Kinds of Investments: renewable energy
- Investment Regions: globally diversified.
- Investment Focus: expanding renewable energy capacity to mitigate climate change.
- Examples of Investments: developing solar & wind farms, green hydrogen infrastructure, & clean power grids.
- Coupon Rate: 5.0% (Feb 2025)
- Maturity Period: 5 yrs (maturing Feb 2030)
- Est. Yield: ~5.5% annually
- Credit rating: A2 (Moody's); A+ (Fitch)
- More Information
Climate Investment Funds Green Bond
cif.org
- Managed Funds: ~ $500 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Green Bond
- Specialized Type: multilateral development
- Investment Access: available only to institutions & private investment firms.
- Minimum Purchase: $250,000 – $1 million
- Kinds of Investments: clean energy, energy efficiency, & climate adaptation.
- Investment Regions: low-middle income areas.
- Investment Focus: mobilizing finance for climate action and sustainable development.
- Examples of Investments: renewable energy, energy efficiency, & sustainable infrastructure.
- Coupon Rate: 4.85% (Mar 2025)
- Maturity Period: 7 yrs (maturing Mar 2032)
- Est. Yield: ~5.3% annually
- Credit rating: AA+ (Fitch); Aa1 (Moody's)
- More Information
Greenvolt 2029 Green Bonds
greenvolt.com
- Market Value: ~ €100 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Green Bond
- Specialized Type: corporate-issued bond
- Investment Access: available to all investors but with a minimum investment of €2,500
- Kinds of Investments: renewable energy infrastructure and solar expansion.
- Investment Regions: European Union.
- Investment Focus: expanding renewable energy capacity through large-scale solar and wind projects.
- Examples of Investments: large-scale solar parks, onshore wind farms, and biomass energy facilities.
- Coupon rate: 4.65% (issued Dec 2024)
- Maturity period: 5 years (maturing Feb 2029)
- Credit rating: not specified
- More Information
Meridian Energy Green Bonds
meridianenergy.co.nz
- Managed Funds: ~ $100 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments
- Type of Investment: Green Bond
- Specialized Type: corporate-issued retail green bond
- Investment Access: available to all investors in New Zealand.
- Minimum Purchase: 5,000 NZD
- Kinds of Investments: renewable energy
- Investment Regions: New Zealand.
- Investment Focus: the development and operation of renewable energy assets.
- Examples of Investments: Wind farms, hydroelectric power stations.
- Coupon Rate: 5.7% per annum (March 2023 issuance)
- Maturity Period: 7 years (maturing March 2030)
- Credit Rating: BBB+ (S&P)
- More Information
San Francisco Solar Bonds
sfenvironment.org/solar
- Managed Funds: ~ $100 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Municipal Green Bond
- Specialized Type: Solar Energy Financing
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum Purchase: $5,000 – $50,000
- Kinds of Investments: energy efficiency and solar installations on public facilities.
- Investment Regions: San Francisco, USA
- Investment Focus: promoting renewable energy adoption and reducing greenhouse gas emissions through solar power projects.
- Coupon Rate: 4.00% (Jul 2025)
- Maturity Period: 10 yrs (maturing Jul 2035)
- Est. Yield: ~4.5% annually
- More Information
SolarShare Community Bonds (Canada)
solarbonds.ca
- Managed Funds: ~ $80 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Community Bonds
- Specialized Type: solar energy co-operative bonds
- Investment Access: available to all investors
- Minimum Purchase:
1,000 CAD
- Kinds of Investments: solar installations.
- Investment Regions: Ontario, Canada.
- Investment Focus: promoting community-owned renewable energy projects to foster local sustainability and energy independence.
- Coupon Rate: 5.20% (Sep 2025)
- Maturity Period: 7 yrs (maturing Sep 2032)
- Est. Yield: ~5.7% annually
- More Information
RE Royalties Green Bonds
reroyalties.com
- Managed Funds: ~ $15 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Green Bond
- Specialized Type: corporate bonds
- Investment Access: all Canadian investors
- Kinds of Investments: renewable energy, energy efficiency, and sustainable infrastructure
- Investment Regions: global
- Investment Focus: the renewable energy sector
- Examples of Investments: Solar parks, wind farms, energy-efficient building projects
Fannie Mae Green Bonds
capitalmarkets.fanniemae.com
- Managed Funds: ~ $100 billion issued, with ~80% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Green Bond
- Specialized Type: Mortgage-Backed Securities
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum Purchase:
$1,000
- Kinds of Investments: energy-efficient housing.
- Investment Regions: United States.
- Investment Focus: Promoting sustainable housing through energy-efficient mortgages.
- Examples of Investments: ENERGY STAR® certified homes and properties with green building certifications.
- Coupon Rate: 3.75% (May 2025)
- Maturity Period: 15 yrs (maturing May 2040)
- Est. Yield: ~4.0% annually
- Credit rating: Not specified
- More Information
World Bank Sustainable Development Bonds worldbank.org
- Managed Funds: ~ $50 billion issued, with ~70% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Sustainable Development Bond
- Specialized Type: supranational bond
- Investment Access: available to all investors through investment brokerage platforms.
- Kinds of Investments: sustainable development projects.
- Investment Regions: global.
- Investment Focus: initiatives aligned with the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
- Examples of Investments: projects in clean water access, renewable energy, and education.
- Coupon rate: varies by issuance
- Maturity period: varies by issuance
- Credit rating: AAA (S&P); Aaa (Moody's)
- More Information
Santander's Sustainable Bonds
santander.com
- Managed Funds: ~ €3 billion, with ~70% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Sustainability Bonds
- Specialized Type: corporate-issued bonds
- Investment Access: only available to institutional investors.
- Kinds of Investments: renewable energy, energy efficiency, and social projects.
- Investment Regions: globally diversified.
- Investment Focus: transition to a low-carbon economy and socioeconomic development.
- Examples of Investments: renewable energy projects, energy-efficient buildings, and social infrastructure.
- Coupon Rate: varies by issuance
- Maturity Period: varies from 3 to 10 yrs.
- More Information
Blue Bonds
Blue Bonds are focused on positive impacts
in ocean & freshwater preservation
only available to Institutions, Investment Firms, & Large Investors
International Finance Corporation Blue Loans and Bonds ifc.org
- Managed Funds: ~ $2 billion since 2020, with 100% for eco/climate impacts.
- Type of Investment: Blue Loans & Bonds
- Specialized Type: development finance institution-issued instruments
- Investment Access: only to financial institutions and corporations.
- Minimum Purchase: $1 million – $5 million
- Kinds of Investments: blue economy projects, sustainable fisheries & marine conservation
- Investment Regions: emerging markets
- Investment Focus: sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth.
- Examples of Investments: projects in water and wastewater management, reducing ocean plastic pollution, and marine ecosystem restoration.
- Credit rating: AAA (S&P); Aaa (Moody's)
- More Information
Bank of China Blue Bond
boc.cn
- Managed Funds: ~ $945 million, with 100% directed into green marine projects.
- Type of Investment: Blue Bond
- Specialized Type: corporate-issued bond
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum Purchase: $100,000 – $500,000
- Kinds of Investments: marine-related projects, offshore renewable energy & wastewater treatment.
- Investment Regions: domestic and overseas
- Investment Focus: sustainable marine and ocean-based projects to promote environmental and economic benefits.
- Examples of Investments: offshore renewable energy installations and wastewater treatment facilities.
- Coupon Rate: 0.950% per annum
- Maturity Period: 3 yrs (maturing in 2023)
- Est. Yield: 1.054% annually
- Credit rating: A (S&P)
- More Information
Seaspan Corporation's Blue Transition Bond seaspancorp.com
- Managed Funds: ~ $750 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Blue Bond
- Specialized Type: corporate bond
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum Purchase: $250,000 – $500,000
- Kinds of Investments: maritime projects.
- Investment Regions: global shipping
- Investment Focus: decarbonization of shipping operations.
- Coupon Rate: 4.90% (Oct 2025)
- Maturity Period: 10 yrs (maturing Oct 2035)
- Est. Yield: ~5.4% annually
- More Information
Ecuador Sovereign Blue Bond
Ecuador-sovereign
- Managed Funds: ~ $650 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Blue Bond
- Specialized Type: sovereign-issued bond
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Kinds of Investments: marine conservation
- Investment Regions: Galápagos Islands, Ecuador.
- Investment Focus: marine biodiversity and ecosystem protection.
- Examples of Investments: expanding marine protected areas and sustainable fisheries management.
- Coupon rate: 7.0% (issued Dec 2024)
- Maturity period: 18 yrs (maturing Nov 2041)
- Credit rating: Aa2 (Moody's)
- More Information
Asian Dev Bank Blue Bond
adb.org
- Managed Funds: ~ $300 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Blue Bond
- Specialized Type: sovereign-issued bond
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum Purchase: $250,000 – $500,000
- Kinds of Investments: ocean-ecosystem restoration, sustainable fisheries, pollution reduction.
- Investment Regions: Asia and the Pacific.
- Investment Focus: sustainable ocean-related projects to promote economic growth and environmental conservation.
- Coupon Rate: 4.125% per annum
- Maturity Period: 10 yrs (maturing Jan 2034)
- Est. Yield: 4.125% annually
- Credit rating: AAA (S&P)
- More Information
Indorama Ventures Blue Loan
indoramaventures.com
- Managed Funds: ~ $300 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Blue Loan
- Specialized Type: sustainability loan
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum Purchase: $500,000
- Kinds of Investments: improving PET recycling to reduce marine plastic pollution.
- Investment Regions: Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, India, and Brazil.
- Investment Focus: increasing recycling to divert plastic waste from oceans.
- Examples of Investments: developing recycling plants to process PET bottles into reusable materials.
- Coupon Rate: 5.10% (Nov 2025)
- Maturity Period: 5 yrs (maturing Nov 2030)
- Est. Yield: ~5.6% annually
- More Information
Philippines' First Blue Bond
mayniladwater.com.ph
- Managed Funds: ~ 15 billion PHP (~$260 million), with 100% directed into eco/climate investments
- Type of Investment: Blue Bond
- Specialized Type: corporate bond
- Investment Access: available to institutional and retail investors
- Minimum Purchase: $250,000 – $500,000
- Kinds of Investments: sustainable water and wastewater mgmt projects
- Investment Regions: Philippines
- Investment Focus: infrastructure for clean water access and pollution reduction.
- Examples of Investments: upgrading water treatment facilities and expanding sewage systems.
- More Information
Japan International Cooperation Agency Blue Bond jica.go.jp
- Managed Funds: ~ 20 billion JPY (~$150 million), with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Blue Bond
- Specialized Type: government agency
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum Purchase: $500,000 – $1 million
- Kinds of Investments: sustainable fisheries & marine conservation
- Investment Regions: Asia developing countries
- Investment Focus: sustainable use of ocean resources and marine ecosystem protection.
- Examples of Investments: projects in marine biodiversity conservation, sustainable aquaculture, and reduction of marine pollution.
- Maturity period: 5 yrs (maturing June 2029)
- Credit rating: A+ (S&P); A1 (Moody's)
- More Information
DP World Blue Bond
dpworld.com
- Managed Funds: ~ $100 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Blue Bond
- Specialized Type: corporate-issued bond
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum Purchase: $1 million+
- Kinds of Investments: clean shipping, port infrastructure & marine conservation.
- Investment Regions: Middle East & N. Africa
- Investment Focus: sustainable maritime infrastructure & ocean protection.
- Examples of Investments: clean fuel shipping, port decarbonization, & marine biodiversity programs.
- Coupon Rate: 5.30% (Dec 2025)
- Maturity Period: 7 yrs (maturing Dec 2032)
- Est. Yield: ~5.8% annually
- Credit rating: Information not available.
- More Information
BDO Unibank Blue Bond
bdo.com.ph
- Managed Funds: ~ $100 million, with 100% directed into environmental water projects.
- Type of Investment: Blue Bond
- Specialized Type: corporate-issued bond
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum Purchase: $500,000 – $1 million
- Kinds of Investments: eco-marine and preventing marine pollution.
- Investment Regions: Philippines.
- Investment Focus: sustainable water management and pollution prevention initiatives.
- Examples of Investments: wastewater treatment facilities, water conservation projects, and plastic recycling programs.
- Maturity period: 7 years (maturing May 2029)
- More Information
Republic of Seychelles Sovereign Blue Bond seychelles.worldbank.org
- Managed Funds: ~ $15 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Blue Bond
- Specialized Type: sovereign bond
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum Purchase: $1 million
- Kinds of Investments: sustainable marine and fisheries projects.
- Investment Regions: Seychelles' Zone
- Investment Focus: marine conservation and sustainable fisheries management.
- Examples of Investments: expanding marine protected areas and improving fisheries governance.
- Coupon rate: 6.5%
- Maturity period: 10 yrs
(maturing Oct 2028)
- Credit rating: not publicly disclosed
- More Information
Biodiversity & Conservation Bonds
El Salvador's Debt-for-Nature Swap
debtfornature.reuters.com
- Managed Funds: ~ $1 billion, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Debt-for-Nature Swap
- Specialized Type: sovereign debt restructuring
- Investment Access: only institutions
- Minimum purchase: $1 million
- Kinds of Investments: funding conservation and restoration of the Lempa River watershed.
- Investment Regions: El Salvador.
- Investment Focus: enhancing water quality, biodiversity, and climate resilience.
- Examples of Investments: reforestation, sustainable agriculture, and pollution control measures.
- Coupon rate: not applicable
- Maturity period: 20 years (maturing in 2044)
- Credit rating: not publicly disclosed
- More Information
European Investment Bank Natural Capital Financing eib.org
- Managed Funds: €400 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Natural Capital Financing
- Specialized Type: blended finance
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Kinds of Investments: projects protecting biodiversity and ecosystem services.
- Investment Regions: EU states.
- Investment Focus: promoting sustainable land use, forestry, and biodiversity conservation.
- Examples of Investments: restoring wetlands, sustainable agriculture, and eco-tourism initiatives.
- Coupon rate: not applicable
- Maturity period: project-dependent
- Credit rating: AAA (S&P); Aaa (Moody's)
- More Information
Nature Conservancy Green Bond
nature.org
- Managed Funds: ~ $350 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Biodiversity Bond
- Specialized Type: non-profit-issued bond
- Investment Access: only to institutions, investment firms, and large investors.
- Minimum purchase: $250,000 – $500,000
- Kinds of Investments: environmental conservation & sustainability.
- Investment Regions: globally diversified.
- Investment Focus: funding initiatives aimed at preserving biodiversity, restoring ecosystems, and promoting sustainable practices.
- Examples of Investments: projects related to reforestation, habitat protection, and sustainable agriculture.
- Coupon rate: varies
- Maturity period: varies
- Maturity period: varies by issuance
- Credit rating: Information not available.
- More Information
World Bank's Rhino Bond
rhino.worldbank.org
- Managed Funds: ~ $150 million raised in 2022, with 100% directed into preservation.
- Type of Investment: Wildlife Bond
- Specialized Type: outcome-based bond
- Investment Access: secondary markets.
- Minimum purchase: $250,000
- Kinds of Investments: saving Black Rhinos
- Investment Regions: South Africa.
- Investment Focus: the growth of black rhino populations.
- Examples of Investments: enhancing protection in Addo Elephant National Park and Great Fish River Nature Reserve.
- Maturity period: 5 yrs(maturing March 2027)
- Credit rating: AAA (S&P)
- More Information
BBVA Colombia Biodiversity Bond
bbva.com
- Managed Funds: ~ $50 million, with 100% directed into eco/climate investments.
- Type of Investment: Biodiversity Bond
- Specialized Type: corporate bond
- Investment Access: only available to institutions
- Minimum purchase: $500,000 – $1 million
- Kinds of Investments: projects with positive impacts on biodiversity.
- Investment Regions: Colombia.
- Investment Focus: reforestation, climate-smart agriculture, and wildlife habitat restoration.
- Examples of Investments: regenerating natural forests, conserving mangroves, and promoting sustainable farming practices.
- Coupon rate: not disclosed
- Maturity period: 3 yrs (maturing in 2027)
- Credit rating: not publicly disclosed
- More Information